Seminar

Seminar involved a group of people or deliberative body looking for the solution to the problem from the evidence based on reading, experiences and minds of its participants. In conducting a seminar the lecturer must be skillful and knowledgeable. It is of great advantage when the leader knows enough about the subject or can find out enough through reading and interview, can define objectives and can state the problem definitely.

Module

One of the most widely accepted instructional materials is the learning module. It is a self-learning kit which usually consists of a package of learning activities, usually papers that have to be accomplished by the student. Preparing a module is not an easy task. But these instructional materials have many advantages for teachers and students. For students, these are: they work at their own pace, they assume responsibility for learning, they find that textbooks are not the only source of learning, they know exactly what they have to learn, they are encouraged to master the module and competition for grade is reduced. For teachers, they have time to pay attention to individual learning problems, they can identify problem earlier, they are free to serve as resource persons, to answer questions, and to help those who need help and there is better cooperation between teachers and students.

Demonstration, Lecture, and Metacognition Teaching Method

There are many types of teaching method, I, as a reporter discussed about the Demonstration Method, Lecture Method, and Metacognition Teaching Method. Demonstration method is very important in teaching in order for the students understand faster and easier. In making demonstration, see to it that the learners should understand the steps so that it is easy for them to execute.

Lecture method, is commonly used by the teacher of imparting knowledge and information among the students. It is also a sacrificial method because the teacher speaks in front of the students for the whole period of time for them to understand the lesson. In making a lecture teacher has enough knowledge to introduce his/her topic, use also an interesting strategies   and try to have a sense of humor for the students did not bored their class.

Metacognition Teaching Method, it is the method that helps the students not just only to learn but to increase the capacity of learning. Metacognition is a reservoir of knowledge, as a teacher we need to have an extra knowledge or any related ideas and experiences to impart the students.

Methods of Teaching

There are a lot of methods used for instruction. Teacher apply different kinds of methods in order the students learned a lot of things from them. But it depends on the information or skill that is being taught. Methods of teaching has a great help for the instructors, this is also one of the guidelines for the students to become interested and enthusiastic in the class.

                The reporter mentioned about inductive and deductive methods. Inductive method simply defined as the process of arriving at a given generalization, from the specific to the general. It means, from the simple topic to the complex. The learners can apply their critical thinking. Deductive method is the reverse of the inductive procedure. If inductive starts with a study of specific cases and ends with a generalization, deductive is from the general to the particular. The aim of deductive method is to teach the students to master difficulties, to delay judgment until it is proven and to overcome the students teaching to jump conclusions.

Different Types of Lesson

There are different types of lessons, these are: development lesson, supervised study lesson, review lesson, drill lesson, appreciation lesson, and application lesson. The two reporters discussed about the development lesson, supervised study lesson and appreciation lesson. As a teacher how this types of lesson being applied in teaching?

 There are many things to be considered, the steps, types, techniques and importance of the lesson.  In appreciation lesson, it is kinds of lesson that make the students understand, appreciate and enjoy something. The teacher can plan an interesting lesson that will stimulate learners and induce to appreciate what is beautiful and worthwhile. Many sources may apply in this lesson, for the learners’ interest and eager to attend the class.

Developmental lesson is a type of something to be learned in which a new idea is presented and developed. Teacher may apply this lesson for the students to develop and can do learning activities independently. Supervised study lesson is also applicable in any subject matter, to motivate the students on how to become a successful one.

Taxonomy

Most of the common problem of today’s generation is the rote learning of the students. They can learn without understanding and thought. This problem was addressed by the development of Bloom’s Taxonomy. The authors introduced the two (2) domains cognitive and affective later on they believed and considered the three domains which are relevant to the educational outcomes. In abstract explanation of taxonomy, these are: the cognitive, knowledge of and ability to work with information and ideas; the affective, ability to organize, articulate and work by a coherent value system relevant to the capabilities achieved through education; and the psychomotor skills, ability to do acts relevant to the field of study. 

In cognitive domain, there are educational objectives, knowledge, this involves the specific information. In making test questions knowledge level is the easiest part, comprehension, it is a type of understanding the lesson to every students. Application, how to apply theories in a particular situation, Analysis, this includes the critical thinking of the students, Synthesis, putting together to form a whole, Evaluation, the wholeness of the work or activity of the students. Affective domain, this contains the values and behavior of the students. There are also educational objectives use this domain, receiving, concerns on how to understand the topic, responding, this concern the interaction of the learners, organization, organizes all learning of the students, characterization, acts in accordance with the accepted value.

Blooms taxonomy recognized the problem of the students, which they are competent and perform well in written examinations, but they are incapable in performing laboratory skills. Most of the contributors of taxonomy laws and principles focus psychomotor domain in order the students developed their skills and abilities to achieve the highest level of attainment. The teacher needs to categorize the level of students for them to know the capacity of their skills and abilities. Teacher cannot force the students to become more active, attentive and smart. But teacher can give tips on how to become a successful one. Guidance and motivating them are the most important things to do. Think some strategies to increase their learning capacity. Give only exercise based on their head level. To be able to measure the learning of students, apply the three classifications of objectives that are mention above. Using keywords is also necessary especially in making an objective.